Dimethyl Ether

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{{Chembox new| Name = Dimethyl ether| ImageFile = dimethylether_structure.png| ImageSize = 200px| ImageName = Dimethyl ether| IUPACName = methoxymethane| OtherNames = DME, wood ether
dimethyl oxide
Demeon, Dymel A| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers| SMILES = COC| CASNo = 115-10-6| RTECS = PM3780000 --> | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties| Formula = C2H6O
CH3OCH3| MolarMass = 46.07 g/mol| Appearance = colourless gas with
typical smell| Density = 1.59, gas (vs air)
668 kg/m3, liquid| Solubility = 328 g/100 mL (20°C)| MeltingPt = -138.5°C (134.6 K)/(-217.3°F) 242.37°R| BoilingPt = -23°C (254 K)/(-12.82°F) 446.85°R --> | Section3 = {{Chembox Structure| MolShape =| Dipole = 1.30 Debye (gas) --> | Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards| ExternalMSDS = Dimethyl ether chemdata supplement#Material Safety Data Sheet| MainHazards = highly flammable| FlashPt = -41°C/(-41.8°F) 417.87°R| RPhrases = | SPhrases = , , , --> | Section8 = {{Chembox Related| Function = ethers]
crown ether
polyethylene glycol-->-->Dimethyl ether, also known as methoxymethane, oxybismethane, methyl ether, wood ether, and DME, is a colorless [gaseous ether with an ethereal odor. Dimethyl ether gas is water soluble. It has the formula CH3OCH3. Dimethyl ether is used as an aerosol spray#Propellant, and is used in conjunction with propane to create a chemical reaction in which cryogenic freezing is used for the removal of common warts found on the human body. Dimethyl ether is also a clean-burning alternative to liquified petroleum gas, liquified natural gas, diesel and gasoline. It can be made from natural gas, coal, or biomass.

Production Conventional DME production uses the methanol dehydration method. demeon.com, production process For mass production of DME as a fuel other methods are being considered, the main one being DME synthesis from hydrogen and CO gas, also known as syngas. JFE-holdings.co.jp, dme

DME can be produced from methanol by combining two methanol molecules to produce a DME molecule and a water molecule. gov.br, dehydration catalyst This is a reversible reaction. This can be shown in the following equation: methanol → dimethyl ether + water 2CH3OH → CH3OCH3 + H2O

There are various companies developing this method of DME production, the most active one being JFE Holding in Japan. The DME-synthesis method has a better overall efficiency because with methanol dehydration, the methanol is firstly produced from a base source such as LPG, NG or coal via synthesis and then this is converted into DME.This method attempts to cut out the intermediate methanol production and produce DME from LPG, NG, coal or even biomass in one process.

DME production from solid raw materials such as biomass and coal requires more processes than DME production from gases such as NG and LPG. This is because the solid materials need go through the gasification process to produce the syngas required for the DME-synthesis. To allow for more efficient gasification the biomass and coal have various preparation processes; such as chipping of the biomass or producing slurry of the coal. To ensure that the DME produced is clean there are various gas scrubbing, cleaning and purification processes. DME production from methane can simply use a methane reformer method to produce the syngas for the DME synthesis.

The image below shows a simple representation of the various processes from raw materials to DME.

Applications DME is used as: demeon.com, Akzo Nobel DME

A refrigerant
A (co-)blowing agent for foam
A propellant for aerosol products
A solvent
An extraction agent
A chemical reaction medium
A fuel for welding cutting and brazing
A multi-purpose fuel

As a fuel DME can be used as a fuel in diesel engines, nycomb.se, Nycomb Chemicals company Petrol_engine (30% DME / 70% LPG) and gas turbines.It works particularly well in diesel engines due to its high cetane number, which is greater than 55 compared to diesel which is 38-53. topsoe.com, Haldor Topsoe Chemicals Company

Currently the EU is considering DME in its potential biofuel mix in 2030. refuel.eu, EU Refuel biofuel project

Solvent Like ammonia (NH3), dimethyl ether can be condensed (liquified) and used as a solvent. Clearly there are limitation on the maximum temperature (e.g. the boiling/refluxtemperature i.e. -23°C) which the solvent can be used. One advantage of using dimethyl ether as a solvent is that is readily removed by evaporation, especially from a product which has a relatively low boiling point.

References

External links

Facts about DME from the International DME Association
Material Safety Data Sheet
dimethyl ether 3D view and pdb-file

A refrigerant
A (co-)blowing agent for foam
A propellant for aerosol products
A solvent
An extraction agent
A chemical reaction medium
A fuel for welding cutting and brazing
A multi-purpose fuel

Facts about DME from the International DME Association
Material Safety Data Sheet
dimethyl ether 3D view and pdb-file

Dimethyl ether - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dimethyl ether, also known as methoxymethane, oxybismethane, methyl ether, wood ether, and DME, is a colorless gaseous ether with an ethereal odor.

Safety (MSDS) data for dimethyl ether
Safety (MSDS) data for dimethyl ether ... Glossary of terms on this data sheet. The information on this web page is provided to help you to work safely, but it is intended to be an ...

ChemFinder.Com
Methyl Ether [115-10-6] Synonyms: Dimethyl-13C2 Ether (gas); Dimethyl ether; Methoxymethane; Methyl Ether; methyl oxide; oxybismethane; wood ether;

Dimethyl Ether, 2000
The Chemistry, Materials, Earth, and Life Sciences Directorate (CMELS) performs research in combustion chemisty. Download the dimethyl ether mechanisms.

Dimethoxyethane - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dimethoxyethane, also known as glyme, monoglyme, dimethyl glycol, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, dimethyl cellosolve, and DME, is a clear, colorless, aprotic, and liquid ether ...

Diethylene Glycol Dimethyl Ether (CICADS 41, 2002)
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIMETHYL ETHER. This report contains the collective views of an international group of experts and does not necessarily represent the decisions or the stated ...

Ingredients -- Dimethyl ether
Chemical Formula: Synonyms 1,2-dimethoxyethane Description Colorless, flammable gas, with an odor of ether. Uses Dimethyl ether is used as a propellant in aerosols ...

Lurgi GmbH: Dimethyl Ether
Lurgi has developed a low-cost concept for producing the revolutionary dimethyl ether on the basis of the Lurgi MegaMethanol ® technology. Dimethyl ether (DME) is about to achieve ...

Safety (MSDS) data for ethylene glycol dimethyl ether
Safety data for ethylene glycol dimethyl ether. Safety data for ethylene glycol dimethyl ether

Dimethyl-Ether (DME)
American Energy Independence and Dimethyl-Ether ... Dimethyl-Ether (DME) We are working... The website is undergoing a complete remodel, and the text for this page is ...